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Em Portugal, a avaliacao externa, no ensino secundario, e utilizada para classificar e certificar, mas tambem para seriacao no acesso ao ensino superior. Nao ha ainda estudos de monotorizacao de resultados nos exames nacionais por sexo em Portugal. Objetivos: (1) descrever a evolucao do insucesso no exame de Biologia e Geologia por sexo, 2013 a 2017; (2) descrever a evolucao do insucesso nos exames nacionais por sexo, 2013 a 2017; (3) comparar os resultados dos exames de Biologia e Geologia com os dos outros exames nacionais. A populacao deste estudo consiste no conjunto dos alunos que fizeram os dez exames nacionais mais realizados do ensino secundario a nivel nacional (2013 a 2017). Retiraram-se os dados necessarios das bases de dados (2013 a 2017) do Juri Nacional de Exames, no site da Direcao Geral da Educacao, fazendo-se o tratamento estatistico. Os resultados nos exames revelam um panorama permanente de insucesso, com medias de classificacoes muito baixas e taxas de reprovacao excessivamente elevadas, sendo Biologia e Geologia uma das disciplinas com maior insucesso. As raparigas demonstram melhor performance na maioria das disciplinas, o que segue a tendencia internacional. E impreterivel investigar as causas deste insucesso, ja que o ensino secundario integra agora o ensino obrigatorio, para tomar medidas preventivas.Palavras chave: Biologia e geologia; Educacao em ciencias; Avaliacao; Avaliacao externa; Exames nacionais; Avaliacoes estandardizadas, Resultados escolares por sexo. Evolution of School Failure in National Examinations of Secondary Education, by Sex, in PortugalIn Portugal, external assessment in secondary education is used to classify and certify, but also for grading in access to higher education. There are still no studies monitoring the students’ results in the national examinations by sex in Portugal. Objectives: (1) describe the evolution of the failure in the Biology and Geology exam by sex, 2013-2017; (2) describe the evolution of failure in national examinations by sex, 2013 to 2017; (3) Compare the results of the Biology and Geology exams with those of the other national exams. This study’s population consists of the group of students who did the ten most accomplished national exams at the secondary level (2013 to 2017). The necessary data were removed from the databases (2013 to 2017) of the Juri Nacional de Exames in the Direcao Geral da Educacao website and the statistical treatment was done. The results in the exams reveal a permanent panorama of failure, with very low averages classifications and excessively high fail rates; Biology and Geology is one of the most unsuccessful subjects. Girls show better performance in most subjects, which follows the international trend. It is imperative to investigate the causes of this failure to take preventive measures, because nowadays secondary education integrates the compulsory education.Keywords: Biology and geology; Science education; Evaluation; External assessment; National examinations, Standardized assessments; School results by sex.

Evolução do Insucesso Escolar nos Exames Nacionais do Ensino Secundário, por Sexo, em Portugal