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As bacterias Gram-positivas sao os principais microrganismos encontrados na microbiota conjuntival dos animais (TOLAR et al., 2006), porem os microrganismos Gram-negativos tambem podem ser isolados em animais saudaveis, mas quando em grande numero pode indicar um estado anormal de saude ocular (SPINELLI et al. 2010). O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e determinar o perfil de resistencia dos principais microrganismos em casos de conjuntivite canina atendidos no Hospital Veterinario da Universidade Estadual de Maringa. Foram utilizadas 21 amostras e o perfil de resistencia aos antibioticos foi realizado segundo as normas recomendadas pelo CLSI veterinario (2008) para disco-difusao. Das 21 amostras, 15 (71,4%) foram identificadas como bacterias Gram-positivas e dessas, 14 pertencentes ao genero dos Staphylococcus e uma ao genero Streptococcus , o que corrobora com Tolar et al, 2006. Foram identificadas tambem seis amostras (28,6%) de bacterias Gram-negativas, sendo tres Escherichia coli , uma Enterobacter spp. e outras duas como Cocos Gram-negativas. As quatro amostras pertencentes a familia das Enterobacteriaceae foram negativas no teste presuntivo para deteccao de ESBL (Betalactamases de espectro ampliado) e todas foram sensiveis aos antimicrobianos pertencentes a classe dos carbapenemicos (meropenem e imipenem), porem houve 100% de resistencia a rifampicina, azitromicina e sulfazotrim. A amostra de Streptococcus foi resistente apenas a neomicina, tetraciclina e levofloxacina, de 29 antibioticos testados. Ja as amostras de Staphylococcus spp ., seis apresentaram resistencia a oxacilina, o que indica uma resistencia intrinseca aos antimicrobianos beta-lactâmicos. Quanto a penicilina e a ampicilina, 92,85% das amostras mostraram-se resistentes e 78,6% apresentaram resistencia a amoxacilina, tetraciclina, sulfazotrim e clindamicina, porem nao houve resistencia aos carbapenemicos e houve baixa resistencia as cefalosporinas (cefalexina, cefalotina e ceftriaxona), amicacina, levofloxacina, tobramicina e cloranfenicol (28,5%, 14,3%, 28,5%, 35,7% e 35,7% respectivamente). Esses resultados mostram a importância do controle aos agentes antimicrobianos na medicina veterinaria, levando em conta os altos indices de resistencia. SUMMARY Gram-positive bacteria are the microorganisms primarily found in the conjunctival microflora of animals (TOLAR et al., 2006), but the Gram-negative microorganisms can also be isolated from healthy animals. However, the presence of a large number of Gram-negative microorganisms may indicate ocular health problems (SPINELLI et al., 2010). This study aimed to identify and determine the resistance profile of the major microorganisms in cases of canine conjunctivitis treated at the Hospital Veterinario of the Universidade Estadual de Maringa (HV- UEM). We collected 21 samples that were used to determine the antibiotic resistance profile according to the standards recommended by veterinarian CLSI (2008) for disk diffusion. Of the 21 samples, 15 (71.4%) were identified as Gram-positive, of which 14 belonged to the Staphylococcus genus and one to the Streptococcus genus, thus corroborating Tolar et al., 2006. Gram-negative bacteria were also identified in six samples (28.6%), of which three Escherichia coli , one Enterobacter spp. and two other as Cocos Gram-negative. The four samples belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae were negative for the presumptive test to detect ESBL (extended-spectrum beta-lactamases) and all were sensitive to antibiotics belonging to the class of carbapenems (meropenem and imipenem), but there was a 100% resistance to rifampicin, azithromycin and sulfazotrim. Out of the 29 antibiotics tested the Streptococcus sample was resistant only to neomycin, tetracycline and levofloxacin. On the other hand, of the Staphylococcus spp. samples six were resistant to oxacillin, indicating an intrinsic resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials. Regarding penicillin and ampicillin, 92.85% of the samples were resistant while 78.6 % were resistant to amoxicillin, tetracycline, sulfazotrim and clindamycin, but there was no resistance to carbapenems and low resistance to cephalosporins (cephalexin, cephalothin and ceftriaxone), amikacin, levofloxacin, tobramycin and chloramphenicol (28.5%, 14.3%, 28.5%, 35.7% and 35.7%, respectively). These high levels of resistance show the importance of controlling the use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine.

ars veterinária

PERFIL DE ISOLAMENTO BACTERIANO E RESISTÊNCIA ANTIMICROBIANA EM CÃES COM CONJUNTIVITE ATENDIDOS NO HV-UEM / PROFILE OF BACTERIA ISOLATES AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN DOGS WITH CONJUNCTIVITIS TREATED AT THE HV-UEM