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Nitrogen, while favoring oat grain yields, can bring enormous losses by lodging. The aims of the study were to evaluate the productive performance of oat cultivars the susceptible and resistant to lodging under conditions of reduced, high and very high availability of nitrogen; estimate the technical and agronomic efficiency of cultivars, according to the ideal nitrogen dose, for grain yield and lodging predictability; to verify if oat cultivars with higher nutrient use efficiency for grain yield are more lodging prone, to have applicability in breeding programs. The study was conducted in 2013 and 2014 in Capao do Leao and Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications, in a 3 x 8 factorial, being the factors evaluated the nitrogen doses and oat cultivars (resistant and susceptible to lodging). The cultivars belonging to lodging susceptible group showed higher grain yields when compared to the resistant group. FAEM Carlasul and URS Corona cultivars, from the lodging susceptible group, showed high technical and agronomic efficiency of grain yield in response to nitrogen, with high lodging at the ideal nutrient dose for grain yield. Crosses between the FAEM Carlasul and Brisasul cultivars can generate high potential genotypes regarding nitrogen use efficiency and stem resistance.

Technical and agronomic efficiency of oat cultivars as a function of nitrogen availability