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36) Decreases in substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) concentrations in plasma of SHRSP. Kazuo Mori*, Shunji Asakura*, Norifumi Morikawa*, Masaharu Takeyama*, Hiroshi Ogawa**, Sukenari Sasagawa**. *Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Oita Medical University, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-55 Japan. **Department of Hygiene , Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-fu 589 Japan. INTRODUCTION It is well known that vasomotor tone is mainly regulated by sympathetic vasoconstrictor. While, some peptide-containing non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nervous systems are considered to be involved in the regulation of vasomotor tone. The neuropeptides, substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system. SP and VIP are generated and contained in neural cell bodies, and perhaps released from the nerve endings. In the peripheral nervous system, SPand VIP-immunoreactive nerves are found in connection with blood vessels in an innervation-like pattern. SP and VIP directly induce marked vasodilation, and they are considered to participate in the regulation of blood pressure. However, the precise roles of peripheral SPand VIP-immunoreactive nerves in the regulaion of vasomotor tone are still unclear. In the present study, the SP and VIP concentrations in plasma of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and WistarKyoto rats (WKY) were measured, in order to study the alterations of the activities of SPand VIP-immunoreactive nerves in the hypertensive state. METHODS For hypertensive animals, male SHRSP (n=61) at the ages of 8, 12, 18, 28, 30, 35 and 48 weeks were used. For normotensive control animals, male WKY (n=58) at the ages of 8, 12, 18, 28, 30, 35 and 48 weeks were used. The animals were classified into young (8 weeks), adult (12, 18 weeks), prime (28, 30 weeks) and elder (35, 48 weeks) groups. Blood samples were obtained after overnight fasting, and 500 KIU/ml aprotinin and 1.2mg/ml EDTA were immediately added. The plasma SP and VIP concentrations were measured using EIAs established by us.