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The Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommends treating patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on a combined assessment of symptom severity and airflow limitation and/or exacerbation risk. According to GOLD, patients with mild-to-moderate airflow limitation and distressing symptoms such as dyspnea should be treated with a long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) or a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA). If symptoms persist on monotherapy, GOLD recommends a combination of bronchodilators (LABA/LAMA). Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of data from two 26-week, prospective clinical trials to investigate the effect of treating patients with moderate-to-severe dyspnea with the once-daily LABA/LAMA combination indacaterol/glycopyrronium (IND/GLY) 110/50 µg compared with placebo, once-daily tiotropium 18 µg, and twice-daily salmeterol/fluticasone propionate (SFC) 50/500 µg. In this analysis, a Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI) score ≤7 was used to identify dyspneic patients. Results: In dyspneic patients, IND/GLY significantly improved Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) total scores compared with tiotropium (0.59 units; p &lt;0.05) and SFC (0.97 units; p &lt;0.05), and significantly increased the likelihood of a patient achieving a 1-unit improvement in TDI compared with tiotropium (odds ratio [OR] 1.87; p &lt;0.05). IND/GLY also significantly improved trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) compared with tiotropium and SFC ( p &lt;0.001 and p &lt;0.0001, respectively), and significantly reduced rescue medication use compared with tiotropium ( p&lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Our analysis indicates that IND/GLY provides additional improvements in dyspnea and lung function compared with tiotropium and SFC in dyspneic patients.

Efficacy of Indacaterol/Glycopyrronium in Patients with COPD Who Have Increased Dyspnea with Daily Activities