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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exposing bovine oocytes to lipopolysaccharides (LPS)  in vivo  and  in vitro  on early embryo development. In experiment 1, cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs,  n  = 700/group) were challenged with 0, 0.1, 1.0 or 5.0 μg/mL of LPS during  in vitro  maturation (IVM). Later,  in vitro  fertilization (IVF) and  in vitro  culture (IVC) were performed. In experiment 2, COCs ( n  = 200/group) matured and  in vitro  fertilized without LPS were subjected to IVC with the same doses of LPS from experiment 1. In experiment 3, heifers received two injections of saline solution ( n  = 8) or 0.5 μg/kg of LPS ( n  = 8) 24 h apart, and 3 days later, COCs were recovered and submitted to IVM, IVF, and IVC. In experiments 1 and 3, the expression of  TLR4 ,  TNF ,  AREG  and  EREG  genes in cumulus cells was evaluated. Exposure to 1 and 5 μg/mL of LPS during IVM decreased nuclear maturation (39.4 and 39.6%, respectively) compared with control (63.6%,  P  &lt; 0.05). Despite that, no effect on cleavage and blastocyst rates were observed. Exposure to LPS during IVC did not affect embryonic development.  In vivo  exposure to LPS decreased the  in vitro  cleavage rate (54.3 vs 70.2%,  P  = 0.032), but cleaved embryos developed normally. Number of cells per embryo and gene expression were not affected by the LPS challenge in any experiment. In conclusion, although  in vitro  exposure to LPS did not affect early embryo development,  in vivo  LPS exposure reduced cleavage rate.

Early embryonic development of bovine oocytes challenged with LPS in vitro or in vivo