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To investigate the effects of pregnancy or post-ovulatory progesterone (P(4)) supplementation on the expression of oestrogen and P(4) receptors (ESRs and PGRs) in the bovine uterus, heifers (n=263) were randomly assigned to the following treatments: i) cyclic, normal P(4); ii) cyclic, high P(4); iii) pregnant, normal P(4); and iv) pregnant, high P(4) on days 5, 7, 13 and 16 of pregnancy/oestrous cycle. Elevated P(4) was achieved through P(4)-releasing intravaginal device insertion on day 3 after oestrus, resulting in increased concentrations from day 3.5 to 8 (P&lt;0.05) in the high groups than in the normal groups. Irrespective of treatment, PGR and ESR1 mRNA expressions were highest on days 5 and 7 and decreased on day 13 (P&lt;0.05), while ESR2 mRNA expression increased on day 7 (P&lt;0.05) and similar levels were maintained within the normal P(4) groups subsequently. Expression in the high P(4) groups decreased on day 13 (P&lt;0.05). PGR-AB and PGR-B protein expressions were high in the luminal and superficial glands on days 5 and 7, but by day 13, expression had declined to very low or undetectable levels and high P(4) concentration tended to decrease or decreased significantly (P&lt;0.05) the expression in these regions on days 5 and 7. ESR1 protein expression was high, with no treatment effect. ESR2 protein was also highly expressed, with no clear effect of treatment. In conclusion, early post-ovulatory P(4) supplementation advances the disappearance of PGR protein from the luminal epithelium on days 5 and 7, and decreases ESR2 mRNA expression during the mid-luteal phase, but has no effect on PGR or ESR1 mRNA expression.

reproduction

The effect of elevated progesterone and pregnancy status on mRNA expression and localisation of progesterone and oestrogen receptors in the bovine uterus