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During in-vitro culture rabbit early cleavage stages (Day 1 p.c.) and compacted morulae (Day 3 p.c.) were exposed to visible light or to room temperature (23 degrees C) for various lengths of time (0.5-24 h). The light source used resembled closely routine laboratory lighting. Controls were cultured simultaneously for 24 h under standard conditions (37 degrees C, darkness). Development was assessed by incorporation of tritiated thymidine as an indicator of cell proliferation. In comparison to non-exposed controls cell proliferation of Day-1 embryos was more impaired by light than by room temperature whereas in Day-3 embryos thymidine incorporation was more reduced following exposure to room temperature than to light. No statistically significant decrease in thymidine incorporation was detectable up to 1 h (light) and 8 h (room temperature) in Day-1 embryos. Morulae tolerated room temperature and visible light for up to 3 h and 8 h, respectively. Split-dose exposure (e.g. 4 x 1 h) to visible light or room temperature revealed no statistically significant differences compared with one long en-bloc exposure (e.g. 1 x 4 h). These results demonstrate a stage-dependent susceptibility of preimplantation embryos to physical environmental factors. The major risk, indicated by the shortest tolerance times, was provoked by visible light to early cleavage stages.

Influence of visible light and room temperature on cell proliferation in preimplantation rabbit embryos