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ture luteolysis, such as bead insertion (Poyser, Horton, Thompson & Los, 1971) and oestrogen treatment (Blatchley, Donovan, Poyser, Horton, Thompson & Los, 1971), and both the synthesis and release of PGF2\g=a\increase toward the end of the oestrous cycle when natural luteal regression occurs (Poyser, 1972; Blatchley, Donovan, Horton & Poyser, 1972). The factors involved in the regulation of the cyclic release of prostaglandin from the uterus have not been extensively studied, although Pickles (1967) suggested that progesterone may regulate the synthesis ofprostaglandins in the human uterus as the concentration of F prostaglandin in menstrual fluid was higher during ovulatory menstrual cycles than in anovular cycles. As part ofa study on the regulation ofprostaglandin release from the uterus, the effect ofgonadal steroids on the concentration ofprostaglandin in the uteroovarian vein of ovariectomized guinea-pigs has been examined. Eighteen cyclic guinea-pigs were bilaterally ovariectomized during the luteal phase of the cycle (Days 5 to 11). Twelve were given a 10\m=.\0-mg implant of progesterone (Organon) subcutaneously at the time of surgery; seven of these received no further treatment while 10\m=.\0 \g=m\g oestradiol benzoate (`Oestroform', BDH) daily was injected subcutaneously for 3 days into five females before blood collection. The remaining six ovariectomized females were treated only with oestradiol benzoate for 3 days. Nine to 11 days after surgery, blood was collected from one utero-ovarian vein for a period of 1 hr as previously described (Blatchley et al, 1972). After draining the blood into tubes surrounded by ice, it was centrifuged as soon as possible and the plasma was stored at — 20°C until assay. A 1-ml aliquot of plasma from each sample was saved, and the remainder of the plasma from animals in any one group was amalgamated. The prosta¬ glandin content of the pooled plasma samples was measured by bioassay, using the rat fundal strip, following purification by organic solvent partition and column chromatography. Identification of PGF2a was confirmed by combined

THE EFFECT OF OESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE ON THE RELEASE OF PROSTAGLANDINS FROM THE UTERUS OF THE OVARIECTOMIZED GUINEA-PIG