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This study was designed to establish a possible influence of estrogen and progestagen on human milk composition. Estrogens have been widely used for inhibition of lactation in nonnursing mothers. They prevent breast engorgement and pain but do not prevent lactogenesis. Subjects were 175 healthy nursing mothers. 66 were treated orally with an estrogen (ethinylestradiol .3 mg daily in 3 equal doses); 63 were treated orally with a progestagen (6-alpha-methyl-17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone acetate 30 mg daily in 3 equal doses); a control group of 46 were treated with a placebo in the same way. Treatment was continued for 5 full days after the women had given birth. Milk yield was not affected. Specimens were analyzed for lactose protein and fat content. A highly significant increase in protein content was observed in the milk of the estrogen-treated mother (p less than .01). This seems to be explained by a direct pharmacological action on the mammary glands. The high doses of ethinyl-estradiol establish a level of estrogenic activity which is nonphysiological during the lactation period. Progesterone had no significant effect.

EFFECTS OF OESTROGEN AND PROGESTAGEN ON THE COMPOSITION OF HUMAN MILK