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Summary. Eight females were hysterectomized, three at 5 days, three at 10 days and two at 15 days after oestrus. Seven returned to oestrus at the expected times, 24 to 32 days after the preceding oestrus, and four of these had a subsequent oestrous cycle of normal length. The corpus luteum of hysterectomized animals killed at various stages of the first and second post-operative cycles was compared with that of control non-operated animals killed at similar stages of the cycle and no differences were found. It is concluded that hysterectomy was without effect on the ovarian cycle of the brush possum. The effects of hysterectomy on the ovarian cycle have been studied in a number of mammalian species. A recent summary of inter-specific differences was given by Perry 8c Rowlands (1961) who stated that reactions to hysterectomy had been studied in fourteen mammalian species, including one marsupial, the American opossum {Didelphis). Mature brush possums {Trichosurus vulpécula Kerr) were collected at the beginning of the breeding season and vaginal smears were taken daily until oestrus was detected. Methods of taking vaginal smears, handling and feeding were as given by Pilton & Sharman (1962). The animals were anaesthetized with Sodium Amytal (Eli Lilly and Co.) given by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 85 mg/kg of body weight. The Fallopian tubes and the distal ends of both uteri were ligated and the material between the ligatures was removed. This resulted in removal of the entire uterus, with the exception of the uterine papilla which projected caudally into the anterior vaginal sinus. This uterine remnant, which remained after operation, was examined at autopsy and found to consist of a cone of tissue, less than 5 mm long, pierced by the os uterus and devoid of the characteristic glandular tissue of the uterine body. Oestrous cycle lengths in hysterectomized and non-operated control animals are given in Table 1. Hysterectomized animals had both shorter and longer cycles than did controls and no significant difference between cycle lengths was established. The higher mean figure for hysterectomized animals was largely due to one abnormally long cycle of 38 days. Pilton & Sharman (1962) reported

FAILURE OF HYSTERECTOMY TO AFFECT THE OVARIAN CYCLE OF THE MARSUPIAL TRICHOSURUS VULPECULA