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Introduction Patients with hypogonadism not only present with poor libido, loss of energy, muscle atrophy and depression but also with chronic metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension and T2DM. The dysmetabolic features of hypogonadism are present even in the very young age, in patients with CHH. Whether TRT improves the metabolic and cardiovascular risks in hypogonadism is not clear. Several reports mention favorable metabolic effects of TRT while other studies do not confirm these data. For this purpose, we measured the markers for endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and insulin resistance as predictors for the cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. We also compared the effects of two different TRT modalities on the above parameters; triweekly injection of testosterone esters vs. daily transdermal testosterone gel.

The effect of testosterone replacement on endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and insulin resistance in male hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism