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Osteoporosis is a major public health concern. Women have a higher risk of osteoporotic fracture compared with men (1 in 3 women and 1 in 5 men over 50 years). 1 Quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS) is emerging as a low-cost , ionizing radiation–free, simple, and portable screening technique that is able to identify women at risk for the osteoporosis and that may be used by general practitioners in primary care. Lower values of the QUS parameters were associated with a significant increase of any subsequent fracture at any site.2 Vitamin D deficiency is also among the most important clinical risk factors. Although recent data indicate that prevalence of vitamin D deficiency can be common in countries previously considered as low risk (e.g Mediterranean countries) 1 ,few data are available for Greek population. Low levels occur in elderly3, mothers after delivery4, children and adolescents5 and there are few data concerning adults6. Therefore, the evaluation of QUS parameters and vitamin D levels is of immense significance7. is an observational cross-sectional study that aims to identify the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency of healthy adults in Greece. Methods A population of 738 community dwelling women was recruited at the health promotion events carried out by the Hellenic Society for the Support of Patients with Osteoporosis in rural and urban areas throughout Greece. Following a 12 hour fast, all subjects will have a blood drawn of venous blood used for serum isolation. Total calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured. Heel bone properties measured using the Achilles quantitative ultrasound (QUS) device, a water-bath ultrasound system into which the subject places his heel. Achilles generates a band of frequencies from 200 to 600 kHz. It measures the broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), expressed in dB/MHz, and the speed of sound (SOS), expressed in m/s. The third variable, stiffness index (SI), is automatically calculated by Achilles from the BUA and the SOS, using the equation SI=(0.67*BUA)+(0.28*SOS)-420. The SPSS statistical package used for the statistical analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Harokopio University. Abstract Objective: The objective of this observational cross-sectional study is to identify heel bone properties, specifically broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS) and stiffness index (SI), in healthy Greek women, as well the relation of these parameters with age, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Material and Methods: A population of 738 community dwelling women was recruited at the health promotion events carried out by the Hellenic Society for the Support of Patients with Osteoporosis in rural and urban areas throughout Greece. PTH and 25(OH)D were measured. Heel bone properties measured using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) device. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Harokopio University. Results: The descriptive data of population are shown in the table 1 as mean ± standard deviation. There is a significant difference of BUA (114,05±15,7 ≠ 107,66±15,7, p=0,039) and SOS (1555,67±34,26 ≠ 1506,0±18, p=0,00) between normal(15-65pg/mL) and high(>65pg/mL) PTH level respectively. SI and BUA are significantly different between all age groups as shown in table1 with p=0,00 for both parameters. SI is higher in 18-50 age group in relation to 51-65 and >65 age group (p=0,00 and p=0,03 respectively).

Heel quantitative ultrasound parameters, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels of healthy adult women in Greece