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Infertility is considered as the lack of pregnancy after 12 months (or more) of unprotected intercourse without using any contraception (1). In addition, infertility is one of the most common problems of societies, and according to a large systematic analysis published in 2012, approximately 45-52.6 million couples (on average 48.5 million couples) suffer from this problem (2). Female factors are the most common causes of infertility, among which, ovulatory disorders are the most prevalent reasons for female infertility. Induction ovulation is regarded as the main treatment for ovulatory disorders, and in cases of unexplained infertility, as well as the poor male and cervical factors, induction ovulation is associated with intrauterine insemination (IUI) therapy is used that increases the number of oocytes and sperm motility and thus eliminate cervical factor (3). IUI is a procedure in which processed and concentrated motile sperms are directly placed into the uterine cavity. The clinical use of IUI is based on the hypothesis that placing the excessive numbers of sperm high in the reproductive tract enhances the likelihood of conception. The minimum requirements for performing the procedure are ovulation in the IUI cycle, the patency of at least one fallopian tube, insemination with an adequate number of motile sperm, and the absence of documented or suspected active cervical, intrauterine, or pelvic infection (4). Shokoohi et al investigated the effect of onion juice on male factor infertility andpregnancy rate by IUI (5). Endometrial thickness (ET) and endometrial pattern contribute to the success of the assisted reproductive technology. Although endometrial evaluation is a standard procedure during diagnostic evaluation and infertility treatment, the clinical significance of the difference in thickness and the appearance of the endometrium is still discussed and several studies show a meaningful relationship between the amount of pregnancy and the thickness of the endometrium while other studies reject the presence of such a connection (6-9). Based on the results of a large-scale study on 12 285 couples in 30 provinces in 2008, the prevalence of infertility was reported 8% in Iran (10). Further, the findings of another study conducted in Iran showed the prevalence of infertility was 2.5% and the national study Abstract Objectives: Infertility is defined as the lack of pregnancy after one year of sexual contact without using any contraception. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between endometrial thickness (ET) and endometrial pattern with beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG) test in women undergoing the induction of ovulation who referred to the infertility clinic of Ali ibn-e Abitalib hospital in Zahedan. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ali ibn-e Abitaleb hospital in Zahedan (Iran) in 2017. The ET and endometrial pattern were estimated using transvaginal sonography and the pregnancy rate was determined based on B-HCG test. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS using the Chi-square test and independent t-test. Results: A total of 200 individuals with a mean age of 29.6 ± 5.6 years were evaluated in this study. The negative or positive B-HCG distribution was significantly different in terms of the endometrial pattern (P=0.001) so that 35.3% of women had B-HCG positive cases in the three-line pattern of ET while in the homogenous pattern, 3.3% had B-HCG positive cases. In addition, the pregnancy rate in women with ET greater than 7 mm was significantly higher compared to those women with ET less than 7 mm thickness (35.1% vs. 12.8%, P<0.001). Conclusions: Overall, the results of this study showed a significant correlation between the endometrial pattern and ET and pregnancy rate based on positive B-HCG test.

The Relationship Between Endometrial Thickness and Endometrial Pattern With Pregnancy Rate Based on Positive Serum Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin