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Parturition process consists of three stages: 1) from parturition pain onset to complete cervical dilatation; 2) from complete cervical dilatation to child delivery; and 3) from complete fetus delivery to placental delivery. Retained placenta means that the placenta is remained in the mother’s uterine for a certain period after fetus delivery. This period is reported to be between 30-60 minutes in different countries (1,2). The prevalence of retained placenta is different between various countries and it has been 0.01% to 6.3% in different studies (3). Parturition is a prevalent complication caused by a long third stage bleeding. It is a common cause of death in the developing and even developed countries (4). Risk factors for the retained placenta can be gestational age (especially less than 26 weeks), preeclampsia, abortion history, old age, high polarity, use of parturition medicines such as oxytocin, being of non-Asian race and also other factors such as small placenta, too much bleeding and vaginal damage history (5). Furthermore, studies have revealed that taking intra-vein ergometrine can be a risk factor for the retained placenta (5-7). Likewise, taking methyl ergometrine rather than oxytocin is more associated with retained placenta (8). Many treatments have been proposed for the retained placenta, however, there are a few reports on using prostaglandins and umbilical vein injection of oxytocin (9). Moreover, different administration methods of oxytocin and misoprostol (oral, vaginal, or intravenous injection) have had different results (10,11). We undertook this investigation because this treatment can prevent dangerous consequences for a mother’s life. Few studies have compared the effects of umbilical vein injection of oxytocin and misoprostol. Therefore, this study compared the umbilical vein injection of misoprostol and oxytocin to manage retained placenta in the women who had referred to Moheb-Yass and Shariati hospitals in Tehran and Bandar Abbas cities, Iran.

Umbilical Vein Injection of Misoprostol Versus Oxytocin for Managing Retained Placenta After Parturition: A Randomized Clinical Trial