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Flooding damages rice crops and its incidence is increasing. Foliar spray applications of molybdenum (100, 600 or 3000 mg Mo L-1), abscisic acid (ABA, 50 μM), or deionised water (control) were made to pot-grown plants of the Japonica rice cv. Gleva at flag leaf appearance to determine their effects on seed yield and pre-harvest sprouting after flooding. Plants were submerged , to simulate flooding, for four days from 20 or 30 days after anthesis (DAA). Seed yield per plant, seed weight, and pre-harvest sprouting were determined after harvest at 37 DAA. Seed yield and weight were substantially reduced and pre-harvest sprouting promoted by submergence, with greater sprouting after the later treatment. Prior treatment with molybdenum or ABA reduced pre-harvest sprouting (P P > 0.05), compared with deionised water. The molybdenum concentration in both sprouted and non-sprouted seeds harvested at 37 DAA responded positively to molybdenum application rate. Molybdenum application rate had no consistent effect on seed ABA concentration. Foliar application of 100 mg Mo L-1 at 200 L ha-1 provided the most promising mitigation of flood damage, but benefits were minor in the context of seed damage from submergence.

seed science and technology

Foliar application of molybdenum reduces yield loss and preharvest sprouting in Japonica rice seeds subjected to simulated flooding during seed development and maturation