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Passerine birds are commonly the subjects of studies of sexual size dimorphism. Yet, save for secondary sexual characters, passerine sexual dimorphism is commonly treated as a mere size difference without regard to its shape distribution. Using principal components analysis (PCA) to generate estimates of relative size and reduced major axis (RMA) regression to test for isometry, I analyzed 19 skeletal measurements from 31 socially monogamous passerines of 15 genera. Dimorphism does not scale isometrically within the skeleton. Most sexual size dimorphism resides in the pectoral girdle and wing in the Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis), in the wood-warbler genus Dendroica, in the wood-warbler family (Parulidae), and in a selection of six passerine families. These results suggest that comparisons that include both sexes but that rely on a single measurement in order to "correct for body size" (commonly the tarsus) are unlikely to be reliable.

PASSERINES ARE SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC IN SHAPE AS WELL AS SIZE