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Chitosan is a nontoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible polysaccharide of b(1-4)-linked D-glucosamine and N acetyl-D-glucosamine. This derivative of natural chitin presents remarkable properties that have paved the way for the introduction of chitosan in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Chitosan is deacylated chitin. “Squid pens,” waste shell by-products of squid processing, are a renewable and inexpensive source of Chitosan In order to improve or impart new properties to chitosan, chemical modification of the chitosan chains, generally by either grafting of small molecules or polymer chains onto the chitosan backbone or by quarterisation of the amino groups, has been investigated. Chitosan chains possess three attractive reactive sites for chemical modification: two hydroxyl groups (primary or secondary) and one primary amine. The site of modification is dictated by the desired application of the final chitosan derivative. Derivatives of chitin have been produced and used to impart antistatic and soil repellent characteristics to the textile. In textile industry, chitin can be used in printing and finishing preparations, while the Chitosan is able to remove dyes from dye processing effluents. Besides these, chitin and Chitosan both have made remarkable contribution to medical related textile sutures, threads and fibres. Chitosan is applied in the textile industry, as an antimicrobial finish, became popular due to its ability to provide protection against allergies and infection diseases, coupled with moisture retention and wound healing capabilities. Tetracyclines are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics whose general usefulness has been reduced with the onset of antibiotic resistance. The tetracyclines consist of a polycyclic ring with differing side chains and are a broad-spectrum class of antibiotics against aerobes and anaerobes. Tetracyclines are primarily bacteriostatic and exert their antimicrobial effect by the inhibition of protein synthesis. Tetracycline is active against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. The drugs in the Tetracycline class have closely similar antimicrobial spectra, and cross-resistance among them is common. Tetracycline is about 65% bound to plasma proteins (short-acting). The protein binding for intermediate and long-acting analogs is usually greater. Tetracycline is a yellow, odorless, crystalline powder. Tetracycline is stable in air but exposure to strong sunlight causes it to darken. Its potency is affected in solutions of pH below 2 and is rapidly destroyed by alkali hydroxide solutions. Tetracycline is very slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in dilute acid and in alkali hydroxide solutions, sparingly soluble in alcohol, and practically insoluble in chloroform and in ether. 1and Department of Fibres and Textile Processing Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E),Mumbai-400019, India. The present research work deals with the functional value addition of the fabric, by a tangentially different approach namely antibiotics drugs available easily in the market has been used on various textile substrates like natural substrates and thus impart an antibacterial property to the treated fabrics. This research work also deals with reuse of outdated antibiotics drugs in textile processing. Drugs lose their potency beyond their expiration date, and therefore their effectiveness and their ability to perform their function is affected. Antibiotics drugs which play an important role in treating several diseases become a colossal problem during disposal for various reasons. The common practice for discarding such outdated drugs is to dispose it in the landfill or in the garbage. Such methods still become irrelevant since it affects water supply and environment. Thus disposing of such drugs is a major problem in today’s pharmaceutical Industries. The present study uses the discarded Drugs in textile processing. This work depicts a successful attempt to provide antimicrobial finish to the silk fabric with chitosan and outdated tetracycline. This method of unused medicines valorisation can solve two major environmental and economic problems: limitation of environmental pollution with pharmaceutically active compounds and reduction of the disposal costs of expired drugs. Keywords-Anti-biotics, Tetracycline hydrochloride, Expired drugs, chitosan, Silk

Natural Bio-Polymer and Pharmaceutical Drugs in Textile Processing