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Single ion Gibbs energies of monovalent ions in fourteen solvents (water, methanol, NMF, PC, ethanol,  n -propanol, iso-propanol,  n -butanol,  t -butanol, ethylene glycol, acetone, THF, 1,4-dioxan, acetonitrile) with or without (ion–dipole, ion–induced dipole, ion–quadrupole) interactions were determined. The basicity of the solvents was determined from the absolute values of Δ G  0  solvation (H + ) or Δ G  0  solution (H + ) based on single standard state utilising the modified Born equation suggested by Lahiri. The method involves no arbitrary assumptions. A single scale for the absolute electrode potentials ( E  0  values) has been determined based on calculated Gibbs energies of solvation or solution of single ions. Appropriation of Gibbs energies of solvation of electrolytes into single ion values is not possible. Gibbs energies of formation of electrolytes in solvents must be taken into consideration. Stabilisation energies of electrolytes (MX) in solvents akin to lattice energies in solids were determined.

zeitschrift für physikalische chemie

Determination of Basicities of Organic Solvents and Absolute Electrode Potentials ( E  0 -Values) of Monovalent Ions in Organic Solvents based on Absolute Values of Gibbs Energies of Solvation of Single Ions