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The polarization state of relaxor PbMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3  single crystals was studied using piezoresponse force microscopy. Areas of correlated polarization with a size of ∼50 nm were observed in the nominally ergodic relaxor state. These areas were attributed to ensembles of frozen polar nanoregions, which may exist in vicinity of the sample surface. Relatively strong piezoresponse could be induced by applying a  dc  electric field. After removing the field, a relaxation of the piezoelectric signal obeying power time dependence was observed. This induced piezoresponse was attributed to a contribution from dynamic polar nanoregions.

Spontaneous and induced surface piezoresponse in PbMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 single crystals