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The chlorine isotopic ratio and elemental composition of two granite cores collected in a deep underground tunnel has been measured; neutrons were detected using a helium-3-filled proportional counter placed in a borehole. The thermal neutron flux determined from the chlorine isotopic ratio from accelerator mass spectrometry is (3.8 ± 0.2) × 10 −5  and that determined from the granite's elemental composition is (4.4 ± 0.3) × 10 −5 (cm −2  s −1 ). The results of  in-situ  measurements using the proportional counter yielded a thermal neutron flux value of (3.3 ± 0.1) × 10 −5 (cm −2  s −1 ). This good agreement among the results shows the validity of the neutron flux evaluation obtained from the elemental composition and/or the isotopic ratio of  36 Cl/Cl. Further, it reveals that the neutron flux in the underground environment remains stable for at least one million years,  i.e. , the period over which chlorine-36 attains equilibrium.

proceedings in radiochemistry

Comparison of deep underground neutron flux measured with a helium-3 filled proportional counter and evaluated from element composition or isotopic ratio of  36 Cl/Cl in granite rock