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Simulated non-metallic wastes containing  60 Co,  137 Cs and  152 Eu were melted to examine the effects of basicity and FeO concentration on the retention of the radioactive nuclides in a resulting solidified product (Al 2 O 3 -CaO-FeO-SiO 2  quaternary slag). The retention of  60 Co was almost independent of chemical composition of slag. On the other hand, the retention of  137 Cs decreased with an increase of the basicity of slag, defined as a ratio of CaO to SiO 2  in wt. independent of FeO concentration. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopic analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopic measurement were also conducted for the solidified product. Mössbauer spectra indicated that Fe 2+  ions as well as Ca 2+  ions existed as network modifying cations in a silicate network structure of slag. Referring to a structure model of silicate glasses, it is inferred that the retention of  137 Cs reflects differences in chemical properties between Ca 2+  and Fe 2+  in the internetwork region formed by modifying cations and anionic non-bridging oxygen.

Effects of basicity and FeO concentration on the retention of 137 Cs and 60 Co in slag made from non-metallic radioactive wastes