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For the assessment of the long-term safety of a geological disposal of high- and intermediate-level radioactive waste and/or spent fuel in the Boom Clay, a better understanding of the migration behaviour of Natural Organic Matter (NOM) is needed because it can act as a carrier molecule for radionuclides. Therefore, an  in-situ  migration experiment with  14 C-labelled NOM was performed to study the NOM migration behaviour on a large scale (m), on the long-term (&gt;10 a) and in directions parallel and perpendicular to the bedding plane (transport anisotropy). The numerical modelling tool HYDRUS2D/3D was used to interpret the results. The model was built stepwise, testing the influence of advection, (non-)linear equilibrium sorption, colloid attachment/detachment and anisotropy. The up scaling of previously determined parameters from small scale lab tests was also tested. A classic diffusion-advection-retardation description, using parameter values in the range of those obtained in the lab tests, provided already reasonable results. Inclusion of a colloid filtration term in the model significantly improved the simulation. Finally, the model was successfully tested against a second dataset and the anisotropy of the Boom clay was brought into account.

Modelling of a large-scale in-situ migration experiment with 14 C-labelled natural organic matter in Boom Clay