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The primary patterns of isolation of actinides from their dioxides with supercritical carbon dioxide containing adducts of tri- n -butyl phosphate and other organic reagents with nitric acid has been investigated. The effective extraction of actinides from their dioxides was achieved using these adducts under common (ambient) conditions without supercritical carbon dioxide, which makes the performance of the process significantly easier. Extraction of uranium and the primary fission products from a simulated spent nuclear fuel has been studied. It was shown that at almost quantitative extraction of U (&gt;99%), most  95 Zr and  95 Nb (up to 90%) as well as  131 I, partially  103 Ru (∼30%),  99 Tc (20%) and lanthanides (up to 10%) also passed into the adduct phase. In this case complete separation of U from  137 Cs,  85 Sr,  140 Ba as well as from the bulk of  140 La,  141–144 Ce and  147 Nd was observed. After dissolution of the adduct containing U and partially fission products in liquid carbon dioxide the extract was transported into a separation column of a planetary centrifuge, and separation of U from remaining fission products was performed by countercurrent chromatography in the dynamic mode.

rca - radiochimica acta

Recovery of U and Pu from simulated spent nuclear fuel by adducts of organic reagents with HNO 3  followed by their separation from fission products by countercurrent chromatography