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We examine the distribution of income across Swiss primary school teachers at the end of the 19th century. To assess income differences we use a detailed data set on the income of 14,000 Swiss primary school teachers in 1881 and 1894/95. In addition, we use annually aggregated test scores from pedagogical examinations at recruitment, to test for the impact of inequality on conscripts’ performance. Our results show that between-group inequality amounts to about 35 per cent of total income inequality, and that teachers’ income inequality does not play a role in explaining differences in the performance of conscripts in the pedagogical examinations.

Income Inequality amongst Swiss Primary School Teachers in the Late 19th Century