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Editor's Note: These short reviews of a recent paper in the Journal, written exclusively by graduate students or postdoctoral fellows, are intended to mimic the journal clubs that exist in your own departments or institutions. For more information on the format and purpose of the Journal Club, please see Review of Gahtan et al. Neuroethology has developed as a branch of neuroscience with the explicit goal of linking neural activities to behavior. Among experimental animals, zebrafish are particularly promising in this regard. The ability to optically image single neu-rons in vivo, combined with the relative small number of neurons, provides a unique opportunity to link the activity of identified neurons with behavior. Although much is known about the morphological aspects of sensory and motor systems in zebrafish, we are just beginning to learn about sensorimotor integration, i.e., how sensory signals are translated into neuronal responses (Niell and Smith, 2005) and then into motor commands that direct behaviors. There are few well studied vertebrate neural networks that produce a specific stereotyped behavior. Such networks have been best characterized in invertebrates, such as the sea slug Aplysia californica and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Even the relatively simple Mauthner-cell-mediated escape reflex in fish involves a somewhat complex circuit, with no single neuron necessary to evoke the escape re-that has uncovered a putative small neural circuit that is responsible for visually mediated prey-capture behaviors in larval zebrafish. Zebrafish prey capture is a visually driven behavior involving fine axial motor control (Borla et al., 2002). The authors performed several experiments to further examine this behavior. Ablations of the optic tectum resulted in impaired prey-capture ability [Gahtan et al. (2005), their Fig. 2sistent with a primary role for vision in prey capture. In addition, both wild-type ze-brafish tested in dark conditions and blind lakritz mutants had reduced rates of success in prey capture relative to wild-type fish. The optic tectum (homolog of the superior colliculus) processes much of the incoming visual information in lower vertebrates. To drive prey-capture behaviors, visual neurons in the tectum must project to premotor areas of the brain. Although tectal cells do not project directly to the spinal cord, they project to reticulospinal neurons. Gahtan et al. singled out reticulospinal neu-rons in the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fascicle (nMLF) for additional investigation because they had not been examined previously in prey capture. The dendrites of two pairs of neurons in the …

Appetite for Destruction: Neuron Ablations, Prey Capture, and Sensorimotor Integration in Larval Zebrafish