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Turtle vomeronasal receptor neurons in slice preparations were studied using the patch-clamp technique in the whole-cell and cell-attached configurations. The mean resting potential was -48, and the response to an injected current step consisted of either a single spike or a train of spikes. An injected current of 3–30 pA was required to depolarize the neuron to spike threshold near -50 mV. Voltage-clamped vomeronasal receptor neurons displayed transient inward currents followed by sustained outward currents in response to depolarizing voltage steps. In cell-attached recordings, 10 microM forskolin added to the bath caused a transient increase of spike rate. Intracellular application of cAMP evoked ann inward current in a dose-dependent manner from the neurons voltage clamped at -70 mV; 0.1 mM cAMP was sufficient to elicit an inward current in the neurons. The magnitude of the response to cAMP reached a plateau at 1 mM with an average peak amplitude of 176 +/- 34 pA. Intracellular application of 1 mM cGMP also evoked an inward current with an average peak amplitude of 227 +/- 61 pA. The reversal potentials of the induced components were estimated to be 10 +/- 7 mV for cAMP and -4 +/- 16 mV for cGMP. The reversal potential of the cAMP- induced current in external Cl(-)-free solution was similar to that in normal Ringer's solution, suggesting that Cl- current is not significantly involved in the current. The present results represent the first evidence of cyclic nucleotide-activated conductance in the vomeronasal receptor membranes.

Intracellular dialysis of cyclic nucleotides induces inward currents in turtle vomeronasal receptor neurons