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The topography of the peptidergic neuronal subpopulations in the guinea pig celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion was studied analyzing the distribution of immunoreactivity to neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SOM), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)/polypeptide HI (PHI). For comparison, the ganglion was also studied using antisera against the 2 catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH). Approximately 65% of the neuronal cell bodies contained NPY-like immunoreactivity (NPY-LI), whereas 25% of the principal ganglion cells contained SOM-like immunoreactivity (SOM-LI). Though occasional cells were found to contain both NPY-LI and SOM-LI, these peptides had a complementary distribution in the ganglion, with NPY cells in the celiac poles and SOM cells in the superior mesenteric pole. The vast majority of both the NPY- and SOM-positive cells also contained TH-like immunoreactivity (TH-LI), confirming their catecholaminergic, presumably noradrenergic, nature. Some noradrenergic neurons seemed to lack NPY- and SOM-LI. Small numbers of VIP/PHI-containing cell bodies were found in areas where the NPY-immunoreactive neurons predominated. Many of the VIP/PHI- positive cells contained NPY-LI and occasionally also TH-LI. The immunohistochemical markers were also observed in fibers. Thus, a comparatively weak NPY-LI was seen in smooth fibers, probably representing axons and axon bundles. SOM-LI was seen in a similar type of fiber but also in more strongly fluorescent fibers with a varicose appearance. The latter fibers were observed only in the SOM-dominated part of the ganglion, often surrounding the ganglion cells. Varicose fibers with a similar distribution containing DBH-like immunoreactivity (DBH-LI) were also seen. In addition, DBH- and TH-LI were seen in smooth axonlike processes. VIP-positive fibers exhibited a very dense fiber network, almost exclusively related to the SOM cell-dominated part of the ganglion. The projection of the postganglionic sympathetic neurons was studied with special reference to the pylorus using a combination of retrograde axonal tracing and indirect immunofluorescence techniques. Seventy-two hours after injection of the fluorescent tracer Fast Blue into the pyloric sphincter, labeled neurons were found in the ganglion. By comparing the Fast Blue-labeled cells with the immunoreactive cell bodies, neurons containing both dye and NPY- or SOM-LI were observed. In elution-restaining experiments, it was established that the majority of these cells were also immunoreactive to TH, indicating that they produce noradrenaline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

the journal of neuroscience

Topography of NPY-, somatostatin-, and VIP-immunoreactive, neuronal subpopulations in the guinea pig celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion and their projection to the pylorus