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Electrophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase were made into physiologically characterized sites within the A laminae of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd) of normal cats and of cats deprived from birth of vision in one eye by monocular lid suture (MD). MD cats were deprived for periods ranging from 2.5 to 14 months. The procedures employed involved staining the cell bodies, dendrites, and axons of retrogradely labeled retinal ganglion cells so that the morphology of cells in the two retinae could be compared. The geniculate laminae receiving afferents from the deprived eye were severely shrunken in all MD cats, confirming the effectiveness of the visual deprivation. In MD cats, as in normal cats, the A laminae of the LGNd receive inputs from alpha and beta type ganglion cells. The relative numbers of alpha and beta cells projecting to the normal and deprived A laminae did not differ in any of the MD cats studied. Thus, the reported selective loss of Y cells from the deprived A laminae of MD cats is not paralleled by a change in the relative numbers of alpha and beta cells projecting to the A laminae. In normal cats, the sizes of alpha and beta cells in one retina did not differ from those of their counterparts in the other retina. In MD cats, the areas of the cell bodies of alpha and beta cells in the deprived retina projecting to the binocular segments of the A laminae were, on average, 11.7 and 17.4% smaller, respectively, than their counterparts in the nondeprived retina. In MD cats, alpha cells in the deprived retina projecting to the monocular segment of lamina A were the same size as their counterparts in the nondeprived retina. In MD cats deprived for 7 to 12 months, the areas of the cell bodies of beta cells in the deprived retina projecting to the monocular segment of lamina A were, on average, 9.4% smaller than their normal counterparts and thus were affected less severely than beta cells in the deprived retina projecting to the binocular segment of lamina A. Within the limits of our technique, the dendritic fields and axons of alpha and beta cells in the deprived retina appeared normal. These results indicate that the effects of MD upon the morphology of retinal ganglion cells are slight. However, it does appear that the effects of binocular competition upon the geniculocortical pathways are reflected in the cell body sizes of both alpha and beta cells and that the effects of other factors, such as deprivation per se or a competition between neighboring alpha and beta cells, are less severe than those of binocular competition. The effects of depriving an animal of normal vision during its early life by suturing closed the lids of one eye (monocular deprivation or MD) have been studied at several sites along the visual pathways. MD produces ’ This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants EY03427 to A. G. L. and EY01268 to H. V. B. H. ’ To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Anatomy, Wintrobe Research Building, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132. both anatomical and physiological changes in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd) (Guillery and Stelzner, 1970; Sherman et al., 1972) and in the visual cortex (Wiesel and Hubel, 1963, 1965). These changes provide evidence that there is a competition between the two eyes for control of cortical cells (Guillery and Stelzner, 1970) and that the LGNd relay cell types, Y and X, are affected differently by MD (Sherman et al., 1972, 1975; for review see Hirsch and Leventhal, 1978). In this study, we have examined the effects of MD on the alpha and beta cells in the retina that project to the

Effects of visual deprivation upon the morphology of retinal ganglion cells projecting to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat