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Background & Objective: Control of schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease has for a long time overly relied on praziquantel. Crayfish, though voracious snail eaters have been tested in small man-made impoundments but not in lotic habitats. The present study aimed to determine the ability of the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii to reduce populations of schistosome transmitting snails in lotic habitats. Methods: Data was collected bi-monthly on the presence or absence of snails and crayfish in4 stream habitats, over a period of 10 months, and these were identified from a baseline survey to be habitats for Biomphalaria snails, transmitters of intestinal schistosomiasis, and were located in the Machakos County within the Athi River basin in south-eastern Kenya. Subsequently, 2 of the habitats were selected for introduction of crayfish (and were designated “experimental sites”) and the other 2 habitats were designated “control sites.” Each of the “experimental sites” received 110 crayfish. The study sites were sampled for snails using standard snail scoops and for crayfish using meat-baited crayfish traps. The bi-monthly sampling of the habitats was done to determine snail abundance, crayfish survival, and obtain information on biotic and abiotic parameters. Results: Snail abundance in the habitats that received crayfish rapidly declined within 2 months to a significant level compared with the initial abundance (paired t test = 5.524, p value = 0.0001), relative to the decline observed in the control habitats (paired t test = 7.727, p value = 0.082). Interpretation & Conclusion: While P. clarkii holds much promise as a complimentary schistosomiasis control strategy to chemotherapy, restocking of habitats should be considered when habitats dry up during extreme weather conditions, for effectiveness of this approach.

international journal of marine biology and research

Regulatory Influence of Procambarusclarkii, Girad (Decapoda: Cambaridae) On Schistosome-Transmitting Snails in Lotic Habitats within the River Athi Basin, Kenya