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Antagonistic Streptomyces spp (Streptomyces sp NEA55 and Streptomyces cavourensis NEA5), isolated from fired plots under shifting cultivation in northeast India, are studied for their chitinase and glucanase activities. The species showed strong antagonism against test fungi (Rhizoctonia solani and Cladosporium sp.) in plate assays. Maximum % inhibition was observed due to the effect of diffusible compounds produced by these species. Streptomyces sp. NEA55 showed 54.83 % inhibition against R. solani while S. cavourensis NEA5 showed up to 50.00 % inhibition against Cladosporium sp. The inhibitory effect of volatile compounds by Streptomyces sp NEA55 was recorded up to 50.7 % against R. solani and 37.50 % against Cladosporium sp. While S. cavourensis NEA5 showed 49.23 % inhibition against R. solani and 34.37 % inhibition against Cladosporium sp. S. cavourensis NEA5 and Streptomyces sp. NEA55 produced 0.138±0.006 μg/ml and 0.15±0.004 μg/ml chitinase, 0.22±0.001 μg/ml and 0.25±0.002 μg/ml β 1,3 glucanase, respectively. Both the species showed maximum chitinase activity at pH 6 and temperature 50 oC, while minimum enzyme activity was observed at pH 10 and temperature 20 oC. Both the species showed glucanase activity maximum at pH 7 and temperature 40 oC and minimum activity at pH 10 and temperature 20 oC. Both the species hydrolyzed glycol–chitin as a substrate in denaturing conditions showing variable amount of different isoforms. This study demonstrates that the antagonistic species of Streptomyces survive the fire operations under shifting cultivation.

Chitinase and Glucanase Activities of Antagonistic Streptomyces Spp Isolated From Fired Plots under Shifting Cultivation In Northeast India