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Masonry Infill walls (MI) can be frequently found as interior and exterior partitions for architectural purposes in RC structures. Although they are generally considered to be nonstructural elements, their influence on the seismic performance of the framed structures is significant. A common practice in the modern and old RC buildings is to use the ground-storey of the buildings for commercial; garages, storages, shops...etc. In the present work, the effect of the MI walls on seismic performance of the RC framed structures has been studied. For that, 2-D, sixstorey, three-bay, framed structures, which are fully and partially infilled with the MI walls, have been studied using different infill walls' configuration in order to simulate the cases of ignoring or taking the stiffness and strength of the IM walls, and simulating the common practice of removing the infill walls in the ground storey. Double-strut nonlinear cyclic model for masonry walls has been utilized in order to account for the structural action of the MI walls. Dynamic time history analysis using three different ground motions records to represent wide range of frequency contents, has been used to perform the seismic analysis of the considered model configurations. Some selected numerical simulation results in terms of base shear forces, lateral deflections, and inter-storey drift ratios are obtained for all the considered configurations and presented in a comparative way. Keywords— Infilled frames, Open ground storey, Soft storey, Time history analysis, Base shear, Storey Drift. Introduction MI walls are commonly used in RC structures as interior and exterior partition walls. Common practice has always been to ignore infill during the design and the analysis of the reinforced concrete framed structures due to its highly nonlinear nature which is difficult to be simulated. The interaction between RC framed structures and infill walls was investigated and large numbers of experimental and analytical researches were conducted on this topic. Mohamed Magdy Abdelaziz Faculty of Engineering / Fayoum University Egypt Mohamed Sayed Gomaa Faculty of Engineering / Fayoum University Egypt Hany EL-Ghazaly Faculty of Engineering / Fayoum University Egypt The first published experimental research on infilled RC frames subjected to racking load was by Polyakov [1] who performed a number of large scale tests in order to determine the racking strength of infilled frames. A significant number of studies showed experimentally and analytically (Holmes [2], Asteris [3], and Milheiro et al. [4]) that the presence of the infill walls increases the stiffness and the strength of the framed building. Because of the common use of the masonry infilled frames throughout the world, many lessons can be learned by studying their damage patterns after the occurrence of earthquakes. The infill walls may have a negative impact on the integrity of some building. The common practice of using the ground-floor of the buildings as an open storey for commercial purposes leads to vertical stiffness irregularities and may cause soft storey mechanism as shown in Fig. 1. Infilled Frames Modeling Several methods have been developed to model the infill walls. They may be classified into two groups, micro-models and macro-models. Micro-models focus on detailed behavior of each individual infill panel (i.e., stiffness, capacity ...etc.) while the macro-models study the overall structural system response. The main advantage of the macro-models is its computational simplicity as it is based on equivalent strut model as firstly described by Polyakov [5] who suggested replacing the infill wall by a diagonal compression strut. In this work, the masonry infill walls have been modeled through the simplified macro-model proposed by Crisafulli [6], which considered two pairs of compression-tension diagonal struts to carry axial loads across two opposite diagonal corners and two pairs of shear struts with a shear spring to carry the shear from the top to the bottom of the panel as illustrated in Fig. 2. The implementation of the double-strut nonlinear cyclic model for IM walls was firstly carried out by Smyrou et al. [7]. Fig. 1 Formulation of soft story mechanism during Turkey earthquake, 1999 (Sezen [8])

Seismic Performance of Infilled Framed Structures with Open Ground Storey