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Direct gaze has been suggested to convey inclusion. We hypothesized that receiving direct gaze could alleviate distress caused by social exclusion. In two experiments, participants were first either included or excluded, and then shown a video of a person portraying either direct or downward gaze. Basic need satisfaction was measured immediately after the exclusion manipulation and after viewing the eye gaze stimuli. In Experiment 1, after watching the one-minute eye gaze video and “mentally visualizing” an interaction with the person, basic need satisfaction of excluded participants had recovered completely, regardless of the gaze direction. In Experiment 2, participants were shown shorter eye gaze videos in which the person gave task instructions. Participants recovered partially by the delayed measurement, but gaze direction did not moderate this recovery. These results indicate that seeing direct gaze has little or no effect on recovery after social exclusion.

When a Look Is Not Enough: No Evidence for Direct Gaze Facilitating Recovery after Social Exclusion