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P rogressive Retreat was written in 1970-72 as a doctoral thesis for the University of Essex by Maurice Punch, now Senior Lecturer in Sociology at the State University of Utrecht. It is based on research done in 1968 and 69, research sponsored and financed by the Elmgrant Trust of Dartington in the hope that "an outsider and a sociologist trying to see the school through the eyes of people who had been at it would have something fresh to say about the past which could influence its future" (p. vii). Since the trustees were reluctant to expose the lives of former pupils to the public curiosity of sociologists, they restricted Punch's analysis to the years 1926-57 and asked him to make sure none of the interviewed individuals could be identified. The professional sociologist was further handicapped by Dartington's lack of alumni records: no address files and old boy associations to be tapped for raw material. His research is consequently based on interviews with sixty pupils, twenty who spent at least three years in the school during the 'thirties and forty from the 'fifties. This is a small sample out of some two thousand former pupils and any conclusions based on it must surely be tentative; the more so as the questions asked and replies given deal more with opinions than with facts. When the research was written up, the results so displeased the trustees that they insisted on an Introduction stating their disagreement with Punch's conclusions. "His general conclusions," they claim, "are not justified by the 'facts' he has collected" (p. vii). "Research," says Punch, "with its sceptical and even debunking tone, tends to document the gaps between ideals and practice and to confront the participants with their failures and ambiva-

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Dartington Hall School [review of Maurice Punch, &lt;i&gt;Progessive Retreat: a Sociological Study of Dartington Hall School 1926-1957 and Some of Its Former Pupils&lt;/i&gt;]