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Background.  The present study aimed to test the efficacy of novel reciprocating systems in terms of gutta-percha removal of roots obturated with warm vertical compaction technique.  Methods.  Ninety straight rooted maxillary incisors were enlarged with hand files up to a # 50/02 apical size and obturated using warm vertical compaction technique. The specimens were divided into four groups according to system used for filling removal, as Reciproc Blue, Reciproc, WaveOne Gold and hand-instrumentation. The residual filling materials and time required for root canal removal were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests with 5% significance threshold.  Results.  There were no significant differences among Reciproc, Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold (P &gt; 0.05). Hand-instrumentation group left significantly greater root canal filling material (P &lt; 0.05). The time required for root canal filling removal was significantly shorter in the Reciproc group followed by WaveOne Gold, Reciproc Blue and hand-instrumentation groups (P&lt; 0.05).  Conclusion.  Efficacy of Reciproc Blue, WaveOne Gold and Reciproc instruments for root canal filling removal were similar and superior to hand-instrumentation.

Efficacy of novel thermomechanically treated reciprocating systems for gutta-percha removal from root canals obturated with warm vertical compaction