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Background: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme attached to high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) which has antioxidant and anti-atherogenic activities. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the effects of alpha lipoic acid on PON1 activity, lipid profile and atherogenic index as well as correlation between PON1 activities and HDL-C in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty adult male rats were distributed in three experimental groups in this study. Control (group I), diabetic (group II) and diabetic animals treated with alpha lipoic acid (group III) group. Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats in groups II and III by a single dose of alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg; subcutaneous) and then treatment was performed with administration of alpha lipoic acid (100 mg/kg intraperitoneally) in group III for 6 weeks. Blood samples were collected from animals to measure the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), HDL-C, PON1 activity and correlation the between HDL-C and atherogenic index by PON1. Results: Statistical analysis showed that alpha lipoic acid significantly (P<0.05) inhibited the increase of TG, TC, LDL-C, VLDL, atherogenic index, atherogenic coefficient (AC), and cardiac risk ratio (CRR) when compared to diabetic rats in group II. HDL-C level was increased by alpha lipoic acid. The activity of PON1 was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in diabetic rats and treatment with alpha lipoic acid increased the PON1 activity. Moreover, the activity of PON1 correlated positively with HDL-C and negatively with AC, CRP 1 and CRP2. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the administration of alpha lipoic acid can improve PON1 activity, lipid metabolism, atherogenic index and is able to reduce the risk of coronary artery diseases and atherosclerosis in diabetic rats.

Activity of serum paraoxonase 1, lipid profile and atherogenic indexes in diabetic induced rats treated with alpha lipoic acid