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Background   The conversion of nitriles into amides or carboxylic acids by nitrilase has taken its application into consideration, as the scope of its applications has recently been extended.Objectives   In this study,  P. aeruginosa  RZ44 was isolated from sewage in the Kerman which has Nitrile-degradation activity. In order to improve the nitrilase production, several optimization were done on environmental condition. Nitrilase activity was characterized against different pHs, temperatures, ions, and substrates.Materials and Methods   Enzyme activity was evaluated by determining the production of ammonia following to the modification of the phenol/hypochlorite method. Different factors that affect production of the enzyme by  P. aeruginosa  RZ44 were optimized and evaluated in the culture mediums.Results   The results showed that degradation of the acetonitrile by  P. aeruginosa  RZ44 increased the pH of the growth medium from the initial pH 7.0 to 9.37. Optimizing the medium for  P. aeruginosa  RZ44, it was found that glucose and starch (5 g.L -1 ) have strongly supported nitrilase production, compared to the control. As well, urea (5 g.L -1 ) and yeast extract (15 g.L -1 ) have favored an increased biomass and nitrilase production, as the nitrogen sources. These results show that nitrilase production increases in the pH range 5.0 to 7.0 and then start decreasing. Addition of the Mg 2+ , Fe 2+  and Na +  has supported the biomass and nitrilase production. Co 2+ , Mn 2+  and Cu 2+  were confirmed to inhibit cell growth and enzyme production. Enzyme characterization results show that,  P. aeruginosa  RZ44 nitrilase exhibits comparatively high activity and stability at pH 7.0 and 40°C. Nitrilase was completely inhibited by CoCl 2  and CaCl 2 , whereas, the inhibition in the presence of MnSO 4  and CuSO4 was about 60%. Time course analysis of the nitrile conversion by the resting   P. aeruginosa   RZ44 cells showed that nitrile substrates (i.e. acetonitrile) was hydrolyzed within 8 h.Conclusions   these results indicate that  P. aeruginosa  RZ44 has the potential to be applied in the biotransformation of nitrile compounds.

Production and Characterization of a Nitrilase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa RZ44 and its Potential for Nitrile Biotransformation