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The numerous studies on the perfect compound form in Spanish lack a detailed analysis of the subjunctive and future forms ( haya cantado  and  habré cantado ), which under certain syntactic and pragmatic conditions are parallel to the indicative one,  he cantado . Based on our knowledge of the Spanish indicative present perfect and its use in different Spanish-speaking areas, this paper deals with the distribution and functions of these two “modalised perfects” and their relationship with the corresponding simple forms ( cantara  and  cantaría ). The aim is to determine the extent to which these two pairs of forms are functionally and diatopically similar (or not) to the pair  he cantado  –  canté . Our findings help us to better understand the functions of all simple and compound perfect forms in Spanish and their development in eight Spanish-speaking cities in Spain and the Americas.

The modal perfect: haya cantado and habré cantado in some varieties of modern Spanish