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The patch clamp technique has been applied to isolated vacuoles from green suspension cells of Chenopodium rubrum to record electrical parameters of the tonoplast. In a symmetrical K +  solution of 46 mᴍ, the membrane displays a near zero voltage, whereas 2 mᴍ ATP will hyper-polarize it to 15 or 20 mV (vacuole positive). The conductance amounts to about one S · m -2 . Fluctuations of the clamp current are explained by an unknown channel species having opening times of 5 - 10 ms. Together with previous work on a tonoplast vesicle preparation and unpublished data on vacuoles from our laboratory, the present results indicate an electrogenic membrane ATPase pumping protons from the cytoplasm to the vacuole.

A Patch Clamp Study of Tonoplast Electrical Properties in Vacuoles Isolated from Chenopodium rubrum Suspension Cells