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Cultures of vitamin D-deficient chick soleus muscle and 12 day-old chick embryo myoblasts were used to characterize the effects of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D 3  and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D 3  on muscle cell Ca metabolism. Physiological amounts of both sterols increased the rate and extent of  45 Ca uptake by cultures. However. 1.25(OH) 2 D 3  was significantly more effective than 25 OHD 3 . The greater potency of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3  to increase Ca uptake could be shown after various treatment intervals of cultures and using a wide concentration range of both derivatives. Information about Ca pools affected by vitamin D 3  metabolites was obtained through kinetic analysis of Ca efflux in cultured myoblasts. Cytoplasmic and mitochondria Ca pools were identified on the basis of their half-times of desaturation and by selective inhibition of plasma membrane and mitochondrial Ca transport with LaCl 3  and Ruthenium Red, respectively. The data suggests that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3  acts on muscle cellular Ca by increasing Ca efflux and influx through mitochondrial and plasma membranes whereas the predominant effect of 25 OHD 3  is to increase Ca influx into mitochondria.

In Vitro Cellular Muscle Calcium Metabolism. Characterization of Effects of 1,25-Dihydroxy-Vitamin D 3 and 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D 3