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The search for antileishmanial plants used in traditional medicine led to the choice of CH 2 Cl 2 –MeOH (1:1) crude extract of the fruits and stem bark of  Pentadesma butyracea  Sabine (Clusiaceae) which displayed good activity  in vitro  against  Leishmania donovani  1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes during preliminary screening with IC 50  values 5.96 and 26.43 μg mL −1 , respectively. The fractionation of both extracts using flash chromatography yielded active fractions with IC 50  values ranging from 2.71 to 18.88 μg mL −1 . Fourteen compounds ( 1 – 14 ) were isolated from the obtained fractions using successive column chromatographies and their structures were elucidated based on the analysis of their NMR and MS data. Daphnifolin ( 1 ), epicathechin ( 3 ), α-mangostin ( 9 ) and 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone ( 14 ) exhibited potent antileismanial activity against  L. donovani  1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes with IC 50  values of 2.01, 9.09, 3.37, and 6.87 μg mL −1 , respectively and good selectivity towards Raw 264.7 macrophage cells (SI &gt; 2.4). Extracts, fractions and some isolates were also assessed in vitro for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial strains [ Salmonella typhi  (CPC),  Enterobacter cloacae  (CPC),  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  HM801,  Staphylococcus aureus  ATCC 43300,  Streptococcus pneumoniae  ATCC 491619,  Escherichia coli  ATCC 25322] using serial microdilution method. Among the tested samples, the stem bark extract of  P. butyracea  as well as compounds  2  and  8  showed good to moderate activity against the aforementioned bacterial strains with MIC ≤ 250 μg mL −1 .

zeitschrift für naturforschung b

Antileishmanial, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activity of the extracts, fractions, and compounds from the fruits and stem bark extracts of  Pentadesma butyracea  Sabine