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A “latent” ribosomal ribonuclease was demonstrated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which was repressed by glucose parallel to the respiratory enzymes during logarithmic growth. It was induced by oxygen after consumption of glucose, and while the cells were growing on ethanol. In the growing cell, this ribonuclease was associated with the ribosomes. It hydrolyzed non-functional polynucleotide bonds only leaving untouched the integrity and functionality of the ribosomal structure. Though this ribonuclease was not integrated into the mitochondria, its synthesis depended upon the intact and coupled respiratory chain, similar to the mitochondrial enzymes proper. The function of the ribosomal ribonuclease seems to be the adaptation of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid content to the specific growth conditions together with the protein synthesis capacity of the cell. Hence, the enzyme serves the economy of the cell: when the cells grow fast during the fermentative phase only little ribonucleic acid is degraded; during the oxidative phase, when metabolic activity is low, ribonucleic acid is hydrolzyed as a saving mechanism. The switching between glycolytic and aerobic metabolism, which is brought about by alternating synthesis of the respective enzymes, is closely related to the ribonucleic acid turnover in the yeast cell and is probably regulated analogously in higher organisms.

zeitschrift für naturforschung b

Das Ribonukleinsäure-Ribonuklease-System von Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Zur Stoffwechselregulation bei Eukaryoten / On the Metabolic Regulation in Eucaryotes: The Ribonucleic Acid-Ribonuclease System in Saccharomyces cerevisiae