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An analysis of the plasma state was performed by determination of the electron temperature and the distribution temperature from end -on intensity measurements in the arc axis and by determination of the heavy particle temperature from measurements of the electrical field strength. The electrical current of the arc was varied between 1.5 amp and 60 amp and the argon pressure was varied from 0.2 atm to 5.0 atm. It turned out that not the electron density but the mean free path of the electrons is the essential parameter for the adjustment of LTE. Moreover radial end-on intensity measurements of Ar-I lines with different upper energy levels revealed significant intensity anomalies spreading from the axis of the arc to the walls. These effects could be explained assuming that a diffusion of Ar atoms, which are excited to 4s-levels, takes place out of the arc axis. The diffusion equation and its solution led to a satisfying explanation of the observed radial non-LTE effects.

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Nichtgleichgewichtscffekte im Argonkaskadenbogen im Druckbereich von 0,2 atm bis 5,0 atm / Non-LTE Effects in an Argon Cascade Arc in the Pressure Range from 0.2 atm to 5.0 atm