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Two complementary radicals in fluorene and carbazole single crystals, irradiated by UV-, γ- or X-rays, have been identified by investigation of the hyperfine structure of ESR-spectra. Species I is formed by dissociation of a hydrogen atom from position 9, whereas species II results from addition of a hydrogen atom to one of the benzene rings. In carbazole there is evidence of a third radical. The annealing kinetics of all these radicals have been proved to be of second order, requiring activation energies between 1 and 2.1 eV.

Paramagnetische Strahlungsdefekte in Fluoren- und Carbazolkristallen / Paramagnetic Radiation Defects in Fluorene and Carbazole Single Crystals