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This article examines the meaning and function of the verb חרם in the Old Testament. A survey of the semantic domain shows that in contexts of war the verb indicates the extermination or destruction of people, emphasizing the radical nature of the destruction. The usual interpretation of the verb as »to devote to destruction« is problematic. The use of the verb in the Mesha Inscription, which is often mentioned in favour of this interpretation, is not identical with the use in the Old Testament. In the Mesha Inscription, the verb has the meaning »to devote«, but both the construction (with the complement  l  + divine name) and meaning (as the  motivation  for the killing of people, not the killing itself) are different from the Old Testament use. In Genesis to Kings, the verb חרם appears to function almost exclusively in connection with the conquest of Canaan and the extermination of the indigenous population.

Devotion and/or Destruction? The Meaning and Function of חרם in the Old Testament