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In [HKL00] (henceforth HKL), Hamm, Kamp and van Lambalgen declare “there is no opposition between formal and cognitive semantics,” notwithstanding the realist/mentalist divide. That divide separates two sides Jackendoff has (in [Jac96], following Chomsky) labeled  E(xternalized)-semantics , relating language to a reality independent of speakers, and  I(nternalized)-semantics , revolving around mental representations and thought. Although formal semanticists have (following David Lewis) traditionally leaned towards E-semantics, it is reasonable to apply formal methods also to I-semantics. This point is made clear in HKL via two computational approaches to natural language semantics,  Discourse Representation Theory  (DRT, [KR93]) and the  Event Calculus  (EC) presented in [LH05]. In this short note, I wish to raise certain questions about EC that can be traced to the applicability of formal methods to E-semantics and I-semantics alike. These opposing orientations suggest different notions of time, event and representation.

Representing events and discourse; comments on Hamm, Kamp and van Lambalgen