English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

This work investigates the ability of LIBS to produce quality spectra from small particles of concrete demolition waste using single-shot spectra collected in open air. The 2–8 mm materials are rounded river gravel, green glass shards, and plastic flakes. Considered are focal length, air, moisture, laser energy, and  laser incidence angle (LIA) . The research methodology is an experimental study using the so-called  observation depth  (OD)  and  spectral abundance  as quality indicators. The relation between ablation volume, breakdown threshold, optical signal strength, and OD is captured in a simplified model to provide a better understanding of the dependence of the spectra on the LIA and material positioning in the laser beam. A 100 mm lens provided a compromise between spectral abundance, level of air interference and achievable OD. The study indicates LIBS can yield good quality data, even in cases of up to 3 mm surface roughness. Surface moisture did raise the percentage of bad spectra from an average 4% to 18%, but overall LIBS is still capable of providing quality data under challenging conditions.

Single-shot LIBS spectral quality for waste particles in open air