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Graft copolymerization of granular starch maleate with acrylamide using Fenton’s initiator in aqueous dispersion was investigated for increasing grafting efficiency of the copoly­merization. The graft copolymerization was characterized in terms of grafting efficiency, grafting ratio, and conversion of monomer to polymer. Effects of maleate modification of starch on the efficiency, ratio, and conversion were explored. Influences of reaction variables such as pH value, molar ratio of H 2 O 2  to Fe 2+ , initiator concentration, monomer concentration, polymerization temperature, and time on the copolymerization were investigated. It was observed that the modification of starch markedly increased grafting efficiency and ratio. The graft copolymerization should be carried out under the protection of nitrogen gas at 30°C–45°C for 3 h using H 2 O 2 /Fe(NH 4 ) 2 (SO 4 ) 2  as initiator. Preferred molar ratio of H 2 O 2 /Fe(NH 4 ) 2 (SO 4 ) 2 /anhydroglucose was 20:1:1000 and optimal value of pH was in a range of 3–4. The condition could make grafting efficiency and conversion of monomer to polymer higher than 65% and 95%, respectively.

Graft copolymerization of granular starch maleate with acrylamide for enhancing grafting efficiency