English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The uncontrolled and excessive use of insecticides on  Spodoptera exigua  can cause resistance. The aim of this study is to test resistance of  S. exigua  to chlorpyrifos and determine the possible mechanism of resistance to  S. exigua . The resistance assay was carried out on chlorpyrifos by determining the level of resistance by the comparison of LC50 between the field samples and the standard samples. The resistivity of  S. exigua  was correlated with the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), esterase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. The samples of  S. exigua  were also tested for their sensitivity to neem oil insecticides. The results showed that  S. exigua  samples from Brebes and Cipanas had a resistance ratio (RR) of 5.50 and 3.26, respectively. The results of the present study indicate that the insensitivity of the AChE and the high activity of the GST play a significant role in the mechanism of  S. exigua  resistance to chlorpyrifos. However, the esterase has fewer roles in the  S. exigua  resistance mechanism for both samples. In addition, the results of neem oil insecticides test showed that  S. exigua  from Brebes and Cipanas samples is sensitive to the insecticide with the RR value less than 1; therefore, this biopesticide has the opportunity to manage resistant pests. A novel mechanism for insecticide resistance by insect was proposed.

open agriculture

Evaluation and possible mechanism of beet armyworm ( Spodoptera exigua  Hubner) resistance to chlorpyrifos and their sensitivity to neem oil insecticides