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Recycling of red mud (RM) has attracted more attention in recent years due to severe environmental problems caused by landfilling. The effect of composition optimization and Nano-strengthening on the properties of a binder based on RM was studied in this paper. Results showed that modifying ratios of main oxides and adding Nano-SiO 2  could obviously affect the mechanical properties and microstructure of the binder. Specimens with high SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3  molar ratio (S/A) displayed considerable increase in compressive strength, while decreasing Na 2 O/Al 2 O 3  molar ratio (N/A) improved the workability of the fresh mix. The compressive strength was developed significantly to be 45 MPa at 28 days by adding Nano-SiO 2  with 0.4 wt.% of RM. Phase transformation and microstructure change at different stages of RM decomposition and binder geopolyerization were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of this study may provide a prospective method to use RM more widely in construction applications.

Utilization of red mud for producing a high strength binder by composition optimization and nano strengthening